ABSTRACT
Background: Having prior anatomical knowledge of the anatomical variations is a must for the accurate and effective diagnosis of clinical conditions associated with the sciatic nerve. Sciatic nerve, the longest nerve in the human body has been of great interest for the clinicians and anatomists; though many studies have been conducted in the past to study its anatomical aspect. Till now high division or low formation of the sciatic nerve has been reported but this article highlights the non-union of the components of the sciatic nerve and its clinical outcomes. It had been observed that the common fibular and tibial nerve which arise separately from the sacral plexus remain separated throughout their course. They do not join to form the sciatic nerve. Non-union of the components can result in incomplete blockade of the nerve but selective blockade of one of the components can be done when needed. Aim of the study was to determine the level of formation and the level of division of the sciatic nerve.Methods: Sixty-two lower limbs were taken from the Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi and gluteal region was observed for common fibular and tibial nerve and their joining to form the sciatic nerve.Results: Out of 62 lower limbs; 52 specimens showed formation within the pelvis but in 10 specimens the sciatic nerve did not form at any point. Division of the nerve in 52 specimens were at various levels on the posterior aspect of thigh.Conclusions: While giving anaesthesia it’s important to know the formation as well as division of the nerve for an effective lower limb block for various surgical interventions and in case of non union of tibial and common fibular nerve to form the sciatic nerve individual nerve block can be given.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Development of different foot types (normal, high and low arch) is influenced by factors like weight,height, family history. Studies have shown that the age at which a person starts wearing foot wear affects footposture. Not many studies have focused on the effect of type of foot wear worn by the individuals (high, low heelor flat) on the foot posture. Accurate classification of the type of foot in a specific age group is important as thetype of foot wear worn also change with age of a person.Aim: The aim of the present study is to relate the different types of foot with the type of footwear worn by theindividual and family history in young adult individuals.Methods: foot prints of 250 volunteers were taken on a paper and visually assessed for the type of foot arch. Thetype of foot wear worn and the duration was noted and family history of abnormal foot type was also noted.Statistical analysis: relation of the study group with various parameters was done using Chi square test andANOVA.Results: relation of different types of foot wear worn by the individuals with different types of foot was notstatistically significant. There was a significant relation of family history of foot abnormalities with differenttypes of foot arch noted.Conclusion: Foot postures strongly correlate with the family history of an individual but the type of foot wearworn does not significantly influence the foot posture in adult age group.